Friday, 22 September 2023

System

A system is a set of interacting or interdependent component parts forming a complex/intricate whole. Every system is delineated by its spatial and temporal boundaries, surrounded and influenced by its environment, described by its structure and purpose and expressed in its functioning.

The term system may also refer to a set of rules that governs structure and/or behavior. Alternatively, and usually in the context of complex social systems, the term is used to describe the set of rules that govern structure and/or behavior.

Etymology

The term "system" comes from the Latin word systēma, in turn from Greek σύστημα systēma: "whole compounded of several parts or members, system", literary "composition".

History

According to Marshall McLuhan,

"System" means "something to look at". You must have a very high visual gradient to have systematization. In philosophy, before Descartes, there was no "system". Plato had no "system". Aristotle had no "system".

In the 19th century the French physicist Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot, who studied thermodynamics, pioneered the development of the concept of a "system" in the natural sciences. In 1824 he studied the system which he called the working substance (typically a body of water vapor) in steam engines, in regards to the system's ability to do work when heat is applied to it. The working substance could be put in contact with either a boiler, a cold reservoir (a stream of cold water), or a piston (to which the working body could do work by pushing on it). In 1850, the German physicist Rudolf Clausius generalized this picture to include the concept of the surroundings and began to use the term "working body" when referring to the system.

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/System

Latest News for: Failed system

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Kenya’s president calls UN Security Council ‘undemocratic, dysfunctional’

Anadolu Agency 22 Sep 2023

Ruto asserted that the world's peace and security systems have in many instances failed ... "The failure of peace and security systems, inadequate development and limited climate action amidst technological advancement and enormous wealth has left us in a state of paralysis and during one of the darkest periods of human existence," he added.

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Peterside: Why INEC Must Be Held Accountable for Failings of 2023 Elections

This Day 22 Sep 2023

... ensure that damage is not done to the whole system ... Peterside stated that on the business side, all the monies spent on ensuring transparency in the last election now seem to have to be wasted, explaining that INEC failed to make good its promises to ensure a transparent system.

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Lawrence: Library signs lease from city under duress

The Chanute Tribune 22 Sep 2023

At the last city commission meeting Sept ... More from this section. +7 ... “If the library were to pay for its half of the HVAC system, it would wipe away all of our savings and leave the library with no safety net for the future,” the Wednesday statement read. Back in June, Lawrence told The Tribune about the concern of the HVAC system failing at any time.

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Transplant joy for family as girl, 8, first UK patient to receive pioneering treatment

Metro UK 22 Sep 2023

Aditi Shankar, eight, with Professor Stephen Marks, is the first UK patient to have her immune system ‘reprogrammed’ (Picture ... ‘Here we are, she no longer needs dialysis, she has an excellent immune system and an excellent kidney transplant, doing the function that her kidneys would have done if they hadn’t failed.’.

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Eight-year-old gets UK-first kidney transplant without need for life-long drugs

ITV 22 Sep 2023

In March 2021 her kidney function dropped drastically but a kidney transplant was not possible while her immune system was so weak ... “Here we are in the situation where she no longer needs dialysis, but she has an excellent immune system and an excellent kidney transplant, doing the function that her kidneys would have done if they hadn’t failed.”.

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Yoon says spread of disinformation could threaten liberal democracy

Korea Times 22 Sep 2023

"AI and digital technologies should not pose threats to the safety of individuals and society at large," he said, noting the need to build and operate an appropriate regulatory system. "If we fail to counter the spread of disinformation fueled by the malicious misuse of AI and ...

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Wildfire-prone California to consider new rules for property insurance pricing

Fox31 Denver 22 Sep 2023

“California’s 35-year-old regulatory system is outdated, cumbersome and fails to reflect the increasing catastrophic losses consumers and businesses are facing from inflation, climate change, extreme weather and more residents living in wildfire prone areas,” Denni Ritter, vice president for state government relations, said in a statement ... —- ... .

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Socio-economic justice vital to strengthen national integrity

The News International 22 Sep 2023

In his address, Dr Shahid Munir said that economic exploitation was one of the most important problems and the solution to all problems, including education lies in the improvement of the economy ... He said that the trend of failing children in school must be stopped and changes in the structure of the system at the school level should be introduced ... .

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After a lull, asylum-seekers adapt to US immigration changes and again overwhelm border agents

Fort Wayne Journal Gazette 22 Sep 2023

border with Mexico ... The administration renewed pressure — and blame — on Congress, which has long failed to agree on comprehensive changes to the nation's immigration system ... Homeland Security said in a statement that it was "using the limited tools it has available to secure the border and build a safe, orderly, and humane immigration system." ... Dr ... .

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Migrants adapt to U.S. immigration changes, again overwhelm border agents

The Day 22 Sep 2023

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Tribunal Dismisses Edeoga’s Petition, Upholds Election of Mbah as Governor

This Day 22 Sep 2023

Furthermore, Akano ruled that contrary to the allegation by Edeoga, Mbah scored the highest number of lawful votes in the election in compliance with the electoral law and that the petitioner also failed to prove that there was a non-use of the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System, (BVAS) during the election in Nkanu East Local Government Area.

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Google sued for negligence in deadly bridge incident

Madison 21 Sep 2023

— The family of a North Carolina man who died after driving his car off a collapsed bridge while following Google Maps directions is suing the technology giant for negligence, claiming it had been informed of the collapse but failed to update its navigation system ... system.

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State announces $5M for failed wells and septic systems

Bennington Banner 21 Sep 2023

... to support low- and moderate-income Vermont homeowners in repairing or replacing their failed or inadequate on-site water or wastewater systems.

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Nebraska's unaffordable government

Kearney Hub 21 Sep 2023

Nebraska's systems of taxation objectively fails on nine of the 10 principals ... Preserving the ability to introduce bills that tweak the tax code to reward a friend/client or punish an enemy is more important than replacing our utterly failed system of taxation.

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Kabul whistleblower says evacuation was 'biggest foreign policy failure of our time'

The National 21 Sep 2023

A woman dismissed by the Foreign Office after whistle-blowing on the government’s much-criticised response to the fall of Kabul has claimed she witnessed “devastating failings”, a judge has been told ... “And then I witnessed the denial, the lies and the complete lack of accountability for these devastating failings.